What is the highest court in Canada?
a) Provincial Court
b) Supreme Court of Canada
c) Federal Court
d) Court of Appeal
Answer: b
How many justices typically sit on the Supreme Court of Canada?
a) 5
b) 7
c) 9
d) 11
Answer: c
Which level of court in Canada is responsible for handling family law matters?
a) Provincial Court
b) Federal Court
c) Superior Court
d) Family Court
Answer: a
What does the term “judicial independence” refer to?
a) Judges’ freedom from political influence
b) Judges’ authority to make laws
c) Judges’ involvement in legislative activities
d) Judges’ power to enforce executive orders
Answer: a
Who appoints judges to the Supreme Court of Canada?
a) Prime Minister
b) Governor General
c) Chief Justice
d) Minister of Justice
Answer: a
Which Canadian province has a civil law legal system based on the Code Napoleon?
a) Ontario
b) Quebec
c) British Columbia
d) Alberta
Answer: b
What term describes a situation where a higher court reviews the decisions of a lower court?
a) Appeal
b) Trial
c) Injunction
d) Subpoena
Answer: a
Which court in Canada primarily hears cases related to federal laws and disputes involving the government?
a) Provincial Court
b) Superior Court
c) Federal Court
d) Supreme Court of Canada
Answer: c
What is the role of the Crown prosecutor in criminal cases?
a) To represent the accused in court
b) To defend the accused in court
c) To prosecute and represent the state in court
d) To act as a mediator in court cases
Answer: c
In Canada, what is the principle of “presumption of innocence”?
a) The judge’s assumption of the defendant’s guilt
b) The defendant’s assumption of their own innocence
c) The requirement for the accused to prove their innocence
d) The legal assumption that the accused is innocent until proven guilty
Answer: d
Which term describes a situation where a judge has a conflict of interest and must recuse themselves from a case?
a) Judicial bias
b) Judicial activism
c) Judicial review
d) Judicial disqualification
Answer: d
What is the purpose of the Canadian Judicial Council?
a) To make and enforce laws
b) To oversee the conduct of federal judges
c) To appoint judges to provincial courts
d) To draft legal opinions on cases
Answer: b
What is a “writ of habeas corpus”?
a) A court order to bring a person before a judge
b) A court order to seize evidence
c) A court order to imprison a person
d) A court order to compel a witness to testify
Answer: a
Which term describes the authority of a court to hear a case for the first time?
a) Jurisdiction
b) Appeal
c) Remand
d) Acquittal
Answer: a
What does “stare decisis” mean in the context of the Canadian legal system?
a) The requirement for judges to always agree on a verdict
b) The principle of following precedent and prior decisions
c) The practice of allowing jury members to deliberate in private
d) The process of selecting jurors for a trial
Answer: b
Which term describes a court order that prevents a person from taking a particular action?
a) Subpoena
b) Injunction
c) Habeas corpus
d) Acquittal
Answer: b
What is “plea bargaining”?
a) The process of selecting jurors for a trial
b) The negotiation between the Crown and the accused for a guilty plea to a lesser charge
c) The requirement for a defendant to enter a plea of guilty or not guilty
d) The process of presenting evidence in court
Answer: b
In which court do most criminal cases in Canada begin?
a) Supreme Court of Canada
b) Provincial Court
c) Federal Court
d) Superior Court
Answer: b
What is “judicial review”?
a) The process of appealing a court decision
b) The process of reviewing the conduct of judges
c) The process of reviewing the constitutionality of laws and government actions
d) The process of appointing new judges
Answer: c
Which term refers to the power of the courts to interpret and apply the law to specific cases?
a) Judicial independence
b) Judicial activism
c) Judicial jurisdiction
d) Judicial authority
Answer: d
What is a “crown corporation”?
a) A company owned by the Crown and operated for profit
b) A corporation owned by the federal government
c) A corporation owned by a private individual
d) A corporation owned by a provincial government
Answer: b
What is “pro bono” legal work?
a) Legal work performed by prosecutors
b) Legal work performed by judges
c) Legal work performed for the public good without charge
d) Legal work performed by law enforcement officers
Answer: c
What does “court of original jurisdiction” refer to?
a) A court that only hears appeal cases
b) A court that hears cases for the first time
c) A court that only hears cases involving the government
d) A court that only hears high-profile cases
Answer: b
What term describes a situation where a judge’s decision serves as a guide for similar cases in the future?
a) Judicial precedent
b) Judicial activism
c) Judicial review
d) Judicial impartiality
Answer: a
What is the role of the Canadian Judicial Appointments Advisory Committee?
a) To make final decisions on court cases
b) To provide legal advice to judges
c) To recommend candidates for judicial appointments
d) To oversee the conduct of judges
Answer: c
Which term describes a court decision that sets a new legal precedent?
a) Judicial appeal
b) Judicial activism
c) Landmark decision
d) Judicial review
Answer: c
What is “amicus curiae”?
a) A judge’s final decision
b) A legal opinion written by a law student
c) A brief submitted to the court by an interested party not directly involved in the case
d) A type of criminal offense
Answer: c
Which term describes a situation where a case is brought before a higher court for review?
a) Appeal
b) Trial
c) Injunction
d) Subpoena
Answer: a
What is the “doctrine of precedent”?
a) The requirement for judges to follow their own personal beliefs
b) The requirement for judges to always agree on a verdict
c) The principle of following prior legal decisions
d) The principle that judges have unlimited discretion in decision-making
Answer: c
What is a “summary conviction” offense in the Canadian legal system?
a) A serious criminal offense
b) A less serious criminal offense
c) An offense related to civil law
d) An offense that can only be heard by the Supreme Court of Canada
Answer: b
What is a “superior court” in the Canadian legal system?
a) A court that hears appeals from lower courts
b) A court that handles minor civil cases
c) A court that handles cases involving federal laws
d) A higher-level court that handles serious civil and criminal cases
Answer: d
What does “affidavit” mean in the context of the legal system?
a) A court order to seize evidence
b) A formal written statement of facts made under oath
c) A court order to imprison a person
d) A court order to bring a person before a judge
Answer: b
What is “bail” in the Canadian legal system?
a) A financial penalty imposed on a defendant
b) A court order to seize evidence
c) A formal legal complaint
d) Temporary release of a defendant pending trial, often with conditions
Answer: d
What is a “voir dire” hearing in a trial?
a) A hearing to determine the admissibility of evidence
b) A hearing to decide the verdict
c) A hearing to present closing arguments
d) A hearing to cross-examine witnesses
Answer: a
What is a “jury trial”?
a) A trial conducted only by judges
b) A trial conducted by a single judge
c) A trial conducted by a jury of peers
d) A trial conducted in private
Answer: c
Which term refers to the legal process of transferring a case from a lower court to a higher court for review?
a) Remand
b) Appeal
c) Injunction
d) Habeas corpus
Answer: b
What is “prosecutorial discretion”?
a) The power of judges to decide on the verdict
b) The authority of prosecutors to choose whether to bring charges or not
c) The requirement for prosecutors to follow specific guidelines in every case
d) The power of defense attorneys to dismiss charges
Answer: b
What term describes the process of examining evidence and questioning witnesses in a trial?
a) Injunction
b) Cross-examination
c) Affidavit
d) Subpoena
Answer: b
Which term describes a situation where a person is released from custody before trial with a promise to appear in court?
a) Bail
b) Injunction
c) Subpoena
d) Acquittal
Answer: a
What is a “civil case” in the Canadian legal system?
a) A case involving criminal offenses
b) A case involving disputes between individuals or entities over rights, claims, or obligations
c) A case involving violations of federal laws
d) A case that can only be heard by the Supreme Court of Canada
Answer: b
What is a “class action lawsuit”?
a) A lawsuit filed by a single individual
b) A lawsuit filed by the government
c) A lawsuit filed by multiple individuals with similar claims
d) A lawsuit filed by a corporation
Answer: c
What is “contempt of court”?
a) A legal strategy used by defense attorneys
b) A legal concept that protects judges from criticism
c) Disruptive behavior that defies or disrespects the authority of the court
d) A legal defense used by prosecutors
Answer: c
Which term refers to a legal process where a party questions the opposing party’s witnesses in a trial?
a) Direct examination
b) Cross-examination
c) Voir dire
d) Deposition
Answer: b
What is a “mistrial”?
a) A trial that results in a hung jury
b) A trial that is conducted without a judge
c) A trial that involves minor offenses
d) A trial that is declared invalid due to a significant error or misconduct
Answer: d
What is “judicial immunity”?
a) The principle that judges cannot be sued for their decisions
b) The requirement for judges to always agree on a verdict
c) The principle that judges must remain neutral at all times
d) The requirement for judges to follow the Constitution
Answer: a
What term describes a situation where a judge instructs the jury to return a verdict of “not guilty” due to lack of evidence?
a) Acquittal
b) Conviction
c) Indictment
d) Sentencing
Answer: a
What is a “remand” in the context of the Canadian legal system?
a) A type of civil case
b) A type of criminal case
c) The process of transferring a case to a different jurisdiction
d) The process of detaining a defendant in custody before trial
Answer: d
Which term refers to the process of presenting evidence and questioning witnesses in a trial?
a) Injunction
b) Cross-examination
c) Affidavit
d) Subpoena
Answer: b
What is “alternate dispute resolution” (ADR)?
a) A process of resolving disputes in court
b) A process of resolving disputes using violence
c) A process of resolving disputes outside of court through methods like mediation and arbitration
d) A process of resolving disputes through online platforms
Answer: c
Which term describes the process of selecting individuals for a jury?
a) Jurisdiction
b) Voir dire
c) Appeal
d) Injunction
Answer: b
