Which year marked the beginning of the Great Depression in Australia?
A) 1929
B) 1932
C) 1930
D) 1925
Answer: A) 1929
During the Depression, what was the peak unemployment rate in Australia?
A) 10%
B) 20%
C) 30%
D) 40%
Answer: C) 30%
Which industry in Australia was hit the hardest during the Great Depression?
A) Mining
B) Agriculture
C) Manufacturing
D) Retail
Answer: B) Agriculture
What was the name given to the makeshift settlements of homeless people during the Depression?
A) Shantytowns
B) Tent Cities
C) Hoovervilles
D) Squatter Camps
Answer: C) Hoovervilles
Which Australian Prime Minister was in office when the Depression began?
A) Stanley Bruce
B) Joseph Lyons
C) James Scullin
D) Billy Hughes
Answer: A) Stanley Bruce
In response to the economic crisis, what did the Australian government introduce in 1931?
A) Minimum wage laws
B) Social security measures
C) Import tariffs
D) Austerity measures
Answer: D) Austerity measures
Which event in the global economy significantly impacted Australia’s export-based economy during the Depression?
A) Wall Street Crash
B) European debt crisis
C) Great Depression in the UK
D) Russian Revolution
Answer: A) Wall Street Crash
Which Australian state was particularly hit hard by the Depression due to its reliance on wheat farming?
A) Victoria
B) Queensland
C) New South Wales
D) South Australia
Answer: C) New South Wales
What was the name of the movement led by unemployed men in Australia during the Depression, demanding work and better relief?
A) JobSeekers Union
B) Unemployment Protestors League
C) Unemployed Workers Movement
D) Worker’s Rights Alliance
Answer: C) Unemployed Workers Movement
Which significant international economic agreement was Australia unable to meet payments for during the Depression?
A) Versailles Treaty
B) Dawes Plan
C) Bretton Woods Agreement
D) Young Plan
Answer: D) Young Plan
What was the impact of the Depression on the birth rate in Australia?
A) It increased
B) It remained constant
C) It decreased
D) It fluctuated unpredictably
Answer: C) It decreased
Which political party was in power at the federal level when the Depression hit Australia?
A) Liberal Party
B) National Party
C) Australian Labor Party
D) United Australia Party
Answer: A) Australian Labor Party
What was the name of the Australian currency during the Great Depression?
A) Australian Dollar
B) Australian Pound
C) Australian Franc
D) Australian Mark
Answer: B) Australian Pound
What was the impact of the Depression on the Australian banking sector?
A) Banks flourished due to increased savings
B) Banks were nationalized
C) Many banks collapsed
D) Banks experienced rapid expansion
Answer: C) Many banks collapsed
Which industry was one of the few to thrive during the Depression due to increased demand for entertainment?
A) Mining
B) Film
C) Agriculture
D) Textile
Answer: B) Film
Which social welfare measure was introduced in Australia in response to the economic hardships of the Depression?
A) Universal healthcare
B) Old age pensions
C) Unemployment benefits
D) Disability allowances
Answer: B) Old age pensions
What was the impact of the Depression on international trade for Australia?
A) Export markets expanded
B) Import tariffs were lowered
C) Exports and imports decreased
D) Imports increased while exports decreased
Answer: C) Exports and imports decreased
Which region in Australia experienced significant environmental degradation due to over-farming during the Depression?
A) Murray-Darling Basin
B) Kimberley Region
C) Great Barrier Reef
D) Nullarbor Plain
Answer: A) Murray-Darling Basin
Which cultural movement emerged in Australia during the Depression, focusing on depicting the struggles of ordinary people?
A) Australian Impressionism
B) Realism Movement
C) Social Realism
D) Abstract Expressionism
Answer: C) Social Realism
What was the impact of the Depression on the construction industry in Australia?
A) It boomed due to government-funded projects
B) It collapsed, leading to mass unemployment
C) It remained stable throughout the period
D) It shifted focus to luxury housing projects
Answer: B) It collapsed, leading to mass unemployment
Which international trading partner was Australia heavily dependent on before and during the Depression?
A) China
B) United States
C) United Kingdom
D) Germany
Answer: C) United Kingdom
Which country did Australia turn to for financial support during the worst of the Depression?
A) United States
B) Canada
C) United Kingdom
D) New Zealand
Answer: A) United States
What was the impact of the Depression on housing affordability in Australia?
A) Housing became more affordable due to decreased demand
B) Housing prices soared due to increased demand
C) Housing prices plummeted, making it accessible for many
D) Housing remained relatively stable in terms of prices
Answer: C) Housing prices plummeted, making it accessible for many
Which group in society was disproportionately affected by unemployment during the Depression?
A) Women
B) Men
C) Elderly
D) Children
Answer: A) Women
What was the name given to the government’s policy aimed at reducing spending and maintaining a balanced budget during the Depression?
A) Fiscal stimulus
B) Keynesian economics
C) Austerity measures
D) Monetary expansion
Answer: C) Austerity measures
Which commodity experienced a significant price decline in the global market, affecting Australian export earnings during the Depression?
A) Coal
B) Gold
C) Wool
D) Iron ore
Answer: C) Wool
Which major event in 1932 led to political instability in Australia during the Depression?
A) Snap election
B) Change of Prime Minister
C) Financial crisis
D) Dismissal of the government
Answer: D) Dismissal of the government
What was the impact of the Depression on charitable organizations in Australia?
A) They received increased donations
B) They struggled due to decreased donations
C) They were nationalized by the government
D) They expanded their operations significantly
Answer: B) They struggled due to decreased donations
Which demographic group saw an increase in participation in trade unions during the Depression?
A) Women
B) Farmers
C) Indigenous Australians
D) Industrial workers
Answer: D) Industrial workers
Which Australian state experienced the highest rate of emigration during the Depression?
A) Western Australia
B) Tasmania
C) South Australia
D) Queensland
Answer: A) Western Australia
What was the impact of the Depression on crime rates in Australia?
A) Crime rates increased
B) Crime rates decreased
C) Crime rates remained unchanged
D) Violent crimes decreased while white-collar crimes increased
Answer: A) Crime rates increased
Which group of workers experienced significant wage cuts and job losses during the Depression?
A) Government employees
B) Industrial workers
C) Agricultural workers
D) Healthcare professionals
Answer: B) Industrial workers
What was the impact of the Depression on the education sector in Australia?
A) Schools and universities expanded
B) Many educational institutions closed down
C) Education became free for all
D) Educational standards significantly improved
Answer: B) Many educational institutions closed down
Which significant government project was initiated during the Depression to provide employment and stimulate the economy?
A) Sydney Opera House construction
B) Trans-Australian Railway construction
C) Snowy Mountains Hydro-Electric Scheme
D) Great Ocean Road construction
Answer: D) Great Ocean Road construction
What was the impact of the Depression on Australia’s population growth?
A) Population growth remained steady
B) Population growth slowed down
C) Population declined
D) Population increased due to immigration
Answer: B) Population growth slowed down
Which economic theory gained prominence in response to the failures of laissez-faire policies during the Depression?
A) Communism
B) Keynesian economics
C) Monetarism
D) Supply-side economics
Answer: B) Keynesian economics
What was the impact of the Depression on the Australian film industry?
A) The industry collapsed
B) The industry thrived due to increased demand
C) The industry shifted focus to documentary films
D) The industry expanded its international presence
Answer: A) The industry collapsed
Which country was Australia’s major competitor in international wool markets during the Depression?
A) United Kingdom
B) New Zealand
C) United States
D) South Africa
Answer: B) New Zealand
What was the impact of the Depression on mental health in Australia?
A) Mental health improved due to community support
B) Mental health deteriorated due to increased stress and hardship
C) Mental health remained largely unaffected
D) Mental health services significantly expanded
Answer: B) Mental health deteriorated due to increased stress and hardship
Which significant event signaled the end of the Great Depression in Australia?
A) World War II outbreak
B) Implementation of New Deal policies
C) Discovery of gold reserves
D) Introduction of social security reforms
Answer: A) World War II outbreak
