What type of geological feature is Mount St. Helens?
a) Volcano
b) Canyon
c) Cave
d) Glacier
Answer: a) Volcano
In which US state is Mount St. Helens located?
a) Alaska
b) California
c) Oregon
d) Washington
Answer: d) Washington
When did Mount St. Helens erupt in a catastrophic event?
a) 1979
b) 1985
c) 1991
d) 1980
Answer: d) 1980
What was the major cause of the eruption of Mount St. Helens in 1980?
a) Earthquake
b) Landslide
c) Meteor impact
d) Nuclear explosion
Answer: b) Landslide
Which volcanic eruption of Mount St. Helens caused the most destructive effects?
a) First
b) Second
c) Third
d) Fourth
Answer: a) First
What is the height of Mount St. Helens before the 1980 eruption?
a) 8,365 feet (2,550 meters)
b) 10,200 feet (3,109 meters)
c) 14,505 feet (4,421 meters)
d) 9,677 feet (2,950 meters)
Answer: a) 8,365 feet (2,550 meters)
Which volcanic range is Mount St. Helens a part of?
a) Rocky Mountains
b) Sierra Nevada
c) Cascade Range
d) Appalachian Mountains
Answer: c) Cascade Range
What was the primary type of volcanic activity at Mount St. Helens before the 1980 eruption?
a) Lava flows
b) Pyroclastic flows
c) Steam eruptions
d) Phreatic explosions
Answer: d) Phreatic explosions
Which notable feature collapsed during the eruption, creating a massive crater?
a) Lava dome
b) Glacier
c) Caldera
d) Vent
Answer: a) Lava dome
What is the name of the river that originates from the crater of Mount St. Helens?
a) Columbia River
b) Snake River
c) Toutle River
d) Willamette River
Answer: c) Toutle River
What is the name of the observatory located on the outskirts of Mount St. Helens?
a) Cascade Observatory
b) St. Helens Observatory
c) Mount Watchtower
d) Johnston Ridge Observatory
Answer: d) Johnston Ridge Observatory
What was the name of the USGS scientist who lost his life while monitoring the eruption?
a) Harry Truman
b) David Johnston
c) John Adams
d) Thomas Jackson
Answer: b) David Johnston
Which natural event triggered the catastrophic eruption of Mount St. Helens?
a) Solar eclipse
b) Thunderstorm
c) Earthquake
d) Tornado
Answer: c) Earthquake
What is the common nickname for the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens?
a) Firestorm Eruption
b) Whiteout Blast
c) The Big Bang
d) Spirit Lake Explosion
Answer: a) Firestorm Eruption
The eruption of Mount St. Helens in 1980 resulted in the removal of the top portion of the mountain, creating a horseshoe-shaped crater. What is this type of eruption called?
a) Plinian eruption
b) Caldera eruption
c) Stratovolcano eruption
d) Pyroclastic eruption
Answer: c) Stratovolcano eruption
Mount St. Helens is part of the Pacific Ring of Fire, which is characterized by what geological activity?
a) Volcanic and seismic activity
b) Glacier movement
c) Sinkhole formation
d) Tornado formation
Answer: a) Volcanic and seismic activity
What type of volcanic material was ejected during the 1980 eruption, leading to the destruction of forests and communities?
a) Lava flows
b) Ash and pyroclastic flows
c) Steam clouds
d) Mudslides
Answer: b) Ash and pyroclastic flows
In the years following the 1980 eruption, what started to grow within the crater of Mount St. Helens?
a) A new lava dome
b) A freshwater lake
c) A forest of sequoias
d) A geothermal power plant
Answer: a) A new lava dome
Which significant volcanic event occurred at Mount St. Helens in 2004-2008?
a) A series of minor eruptions
b) The formation of a new crater lake
c) A volcanic tsunami
d) A supervolcanic eruption
Answer: a) A series of minor eruptions
What is the name of the river valley that was drastically altered by the eruption, resulting in the deposition of sediment and debris?
a) Snake River Valley
b) Columbia River Gorge
c) Toutle River Valley
d) Willamette Valley
Answer: c) Toutle River Valley
Mount St. Helens is considered one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes in the Cascade Range. How many times has it erupted since the major 1980 eruption?
a) Once
b) Twice
c) Three times
d) Four times
Answer: c) Three times
What is the primary agency responsible for monitoring and studying Mount St. Helens’ volcanic activity?
a) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
b) United States Geological Survey (USGS)
c) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
d) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Answer: b) United States Geological Survey (USGS)
What is the approximate elevation of the summit of Mount St. Helens after the 1980 eruption?
a) 8,365 feet (2,550 meters)
b) 14,505 feet (4,421 meters)
c) 9,677 feet (2,950 meters)
d) 8,850 feet (2,700 meters)
Answer: a) 8,365 feet (2,550 meters)
The eruption of Mount St. Helens caused devastation in a large area surrounding the volcano. What term describes this area affected by the eruption?
a) Exclusion Zone
b) Hazard Area
c) Blast Zone
d) Evacuation Zone
Answer: c) Blast Zone
What is the most common type of rock found in the geology of Mount St. Helens?
a) Granite
b) Limestone
c) Basalt
d) Andesite
Answer: d) Andesite
Which of the following is NOT a primary hazard associated with Mount St. Helens’ eruptions?
a) Pyroclastic flows
b) Lava flows
c) Lahars (volcanic mudflows)
d) Hurricanes
Answer: d) Hurricanes
The Mount St. Helens National Volcanic Monument was established in order to protect the volcano’s natural resources and provide opportunities for scientific research, education, and recreation. In which year was the monument designated?
a) 1975
b) 1980
c) 1982
d) 1991
Answer: c) 1982
What is the name of the lake formed within the crater of Mount St. Helens after the 1980 eruption?
a) Spirit Lake
b) Crater Lake
c) Cascade Lake
d) Caldera Lake
Answer: a) Spirit Lake
What is the largest town or city located near Mount St. Helens?
a) Portland, Oregon
b) Olympia, Washington
c) Tacoma, Washington
d) Vancouver, Washington
Answer: d) Vancouver, Washington
Mount St. Helens is part of the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. Which other well-known volcano is also located in this region?
a) Mount Vesuvius
b) Mount Rainier
c) Mount Etna
d) Mount Kilimanjaro
Answer: b) Mount Rainier
The Johnston Ridge Observatory offers visitors a close-up view of Mount St. Helens’ crater. It is named after which USGS scientist?
a) Harry Truman
b) David Johnston
c) John Adams
d) Thomas Jackson
Answer: b) David Johnston
What type of volcanic feature was created by the 1980 eruption, known as the “Lava Dome”?
a) A new mountain peak
b) A new crater
c) A hardened mound of lava
d) A new river channel
Answer: c) A hardened mound of lava
Which of the following geological features was significantly altered due to the eruption of Mount St. Helens?
a) Mount Everest
b) Mount Fuji
c) Ape Cave Lava Tube
d) Old Faithful Geyser
Answer: c) Ape Cave Lava Tube
What is the name of the eruption that occurred on May 18, 1980, and is considered one of the most significant volcanic events in US history?
a) Krakatoa Eruption
b) Mount Vesuvius Eruption
c) St. Helens Eruption
d) Mount Pinatubo Eruption
Answer: c) St. Helens Eruption
How far did the ash cloud from the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens travel in terms of distance from the volcano?
a) A few hundred miles
b) Around the world
c) 50 miles (80 kilometers)
d) 10 miles (16 kilometers)
Answer: a) A few hundred miles
What is the name of the USGS volcanologist who accurately predicted the eruption of Mount St. Helens in 1980?
a) Harry Truman
b) David Johnston
c) Richard Harry
d) John Adams
Answer: b) David Johnston
In what month and year did the first significant eruption of Mount St. Helens occur?
a) April 1982
b) June 1981
c) May 1980
d) July 1979
Answer: c) May 1980
Mount St. Helens is famous for having one side of its summit blown away during the 1980 eruption. Which direction did this explosion primarily occur?
a) North
b) South
c) East
d) West
Answer: b) South
What type of volcanic rock formed by the cooling of lava is commonly found around Mount St. Helens?
a) Sedimentary rock
b) Igneous rock
c) Metamorphic rock
d) Sedimentary rock
Answer: b) Igneous rock
Which Native American tribe considers Mount St. Helens a sacred place and has stories related to the mountain’s formation?
a) Cherokee Nation
b) Navajo Nation
c) Nez Perce Tribe
d) Yakama Nation
Answer: d) Yakama Nation
What type of eruption style is characteristic of Mount St. Helens’ historical activity?
a) Strombolian
b) Phreatomagmatic
c) Hawaiian
d) Submarine
Answer: b) Phreatomagmatic
What process contributes to the growth of glaciers on the slopes of Mount St. Helens?
a) Volcanic eruptions
b) Glacial retreat
c) Avalanches
d) Accumulation of snow and ice
Answer: d) Accumulation of snow and ice
Which volcanic activity at Mount St. Helens led to the formation of dacite lava domes in the years following the 1980 eruption?
a) Lava flows
b) Pyroclastic flows
c) Phreatic explosions
d) Geothermal eruptions
Answer: c) Phreatic explosions
What is the term for the phenomenon of melted snow and ice mixing with volcanic debris to create destructive mudflows?
a) Pyroclastic flow
b) Lahar
c) Fumarole
d) Lava flow
Answer: b) Lahar
Mount St. Helens’ 1980 eruption caused a significant environmental impact, but over time, the area has shown signs of ecological recovery. What term describes this process of ecosystem renewal?
a) Ecological succession
b) Volcanic rejuvenation
c) Environmental rebirth
d) Geologic revitalization
Answer: a) Ecological succession
What is the primary gas released during volcanic activity that can pose health risks to humans and animals?
a) Nitrogen
b) Carbon dioxide
c) Oxygen
d) Helium
Answer: b) Carbon dioxide
What role did the ice and snow on Mount St. Helens play in the 1980 eruption?
a) It acted as a barrier, preventing lava flows.
b) It contributed to the eruption’s explosiveness by generating steam.
c) It caused the mountain to collapse.
d) It cooled down the volcanic activity.
Answer: b) It contributed to the eruption’s explosiveness by generating steam.
What is the term for the process of using seismometers to monitor earthquakes in volcanic regions?
a) Volcanic seismology
b) Tectonic analysis
c) Fault line observation
d) Volcanic radar
Answer: a) Volcanic seismology
In recent years, Mount St. Helens has experienced minor volcanic activity. What is the term used to describe this type of ongoing volcanic behavior?
a) Dormancy
b) Extinction
c) Eruption
d) Volcanic unrest
Answer: d) Volcanic unrest
Despite the risks associated with its volcanic activity, Mount St. Helens also serves as a valuable site for scientific research. How has this research contributed to our understanding of volcanic processes?
a) By revealing the location of hidden underground lava chambers
b) By providing insights into magma chamber dynamics
c) By predicting the exact timing of volcanic eruptions
d) By preventing volcanic activity through controlled detonations
Answer: b) By providing insights into magma chamber dynamics
